Institutional arrangements for traffic management.
6. What are the most common arrangements? To what extent do specialist TM units exist? Are these in engineering depts. or part of the police? And at what level of government? What degree of interagency co-operation is there, particularly between the police and the traffic engineers/managers? What are the advantages/disadvantages/pitfalls of the different arrangements? Which appear to work best? Which appear to be the most sustainable?
Human Resources and Training
7. Have the numbers of people working in TM increased substantially over the past 20 years? Just how many are there, and how do the ratios compare with developed countries? How are people trained – is there reliance on domestic tertiary education, foreign or is training largely in service vocational? What is the most appropriate means of making the most effective use of the resources that are available? Should local resources be leveraged through use of foreign advisors, or should TM services be contracted out to foreign or local consultants? What role have donors played, have they been effective, and should they do more in defining training programs and delivery mechanisms?
Standards, guidelines and procedures.
8. What technical materials are being used? Is there a reliance on foreign material, or is there emergence of locally produced guidelines, adapted/customized from International Good Practice? Are central govt. units providing guidance, or is it coming from bi-lateral and international agencies? What role have donors played, have they been effective, and should they do more in assisting countries to develop and disseminate guidelines? A review of scheme planning, design and procurement procedures and issues would be included.
Content of Traffic Management Components.
9. Review the traffic management and road safety components of projects funded by the
World Bank and other agencies, and the experience gained and lessons learnt
Out of the list of possible components, which have been included, which have been most successful/sustainable and what are the trends? Possible components include:
• Junction channelisation
• Signing and lining
• Traffic signals
• Area Traffic Control (ATC)
• Pedestrian facilities
• Facilities for bicycles and other NMT
• Bus priority
• Parking management, control and pricing
• Road safety (Institutional arrangements and practices, accident data collection and analysis and remedial engineering, enforcement and education)
• Road User Education
• Enforcement (Equipment, training)
• Traffic calming
• Institutional development and training
Linkage to poverty reduction, needs of the poor and economic development.
10. To what extent is TM used largely to improve conditions for private vehicle users, rather than pedestrians, cycles and buses. How can priorities in allocation of road space be changed? Is TM seen as a tool to assist the less well off? Is it seen as a means to make the most efficient and effective use of road space?
Scope of Work - Demand Management
11. The review should also examine the current level of knowledge and understanding of Demand Management in developing Countries, and determine the objectives, nature and location of demand management measures being considered. The review should consider to what extent the concept of demand management is understood in developing countries and to what extent management of demand for private transport is considered to be necessary and/or desirable by governments.
12. The review should also document demand management techniques being used or contemplated, including, but not limited to:
• Parking control and pricing
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