Urban Transport Strategy. Management in Developing Countries John A Cracknell, страница 29

♦            “bar markings” which comprise lateral road markings (lines at right angles to the road) on high speed approaches to urban junctions; the lines are increasingly closely spaced as the junction is approached and create a visual effect such that drivers slow;

♦            road texture and colour on the approaches to critical locations (junctions, pedestrian crossings etc); and

♦            linking of traffic signal timings at successive junctions to control and maintain a desired safe speed of traffic progression.

3.12.2. On lesser roads, a wide range of physical traffic calming measures for speed control include:

♦            pedestrian refuges which narrow the effective road width, control vehicle overtaking and do not permit vehicles to reach high speeds

♦           road-speed control humps which reduce vehicle speed;

♦            road narrowing such that some classes of vehicle cannot use the road (such as trucks)

♦            road narrowing such that only one direction of vehicles can pass at one time – thus opposing vehicles must give way

♦            chicanes such that vehicles have to following a tortuous route through a short section of road and thus must reduce speed

♦            raised junctions comprising a plateau or flat topped road hump built across an entire junction

♦            planting which can be used to change the perceived width of a road to cause traffic to slow

3.12.3. Care must be taken

♦ not to introduce new hazards such as may be caused by poorly designed and/or inappropriately located and/or inconspicuous (especially at night) speed control humps

♦            not to introduce measures which adversely affect bicycles or, particularly bus operations – bus and speed control humps are generally incompatible and other designs such as speed tables and speed cushions have better operational characteristics for buses;

♦           do not increase the tendency to stop-accelerate and increase emissions.

3.13       Conclusions

3.13.1. The conclusions of the Chapter may be summarised as:

4.1         Introduction