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Urban Transport Strategy. Management in Developing Countries John A Cracknell, страница 69

7.8.4. An alternative to economic led evaluation is to base scheme evaluations on some form of a logical, objective led framework. Essentially, a framework seeks to define the objectives of a scheme and to assess the extent to which those objectives are met - in

quantified terms where possible but in subjective terms where neither data nor methodology exist. An objective led evaluation requires definition of

♦	Policy goals which define the broad goals that the urban transport strategy aims to achieve;
♦	Objectives to achieve the goals; and
♦	Indicators to demonstrate the extent to which objectives are attained.

7.8.5. A typical evaluation framework, for say a "corridor based bus priority scheme" is shown in the following table. It is stressed that the table is illustrative and is intended to show that more than economic evaluation is involved. The specific contents of a framework will vary with individual schemes and, of course, for small schemes, may be much simplified.

GOALS	OBJECTIVES		INDICATORS	NOTES
To improve the efficiency and quality of transport along the corridor for people	To achieve a net community benefit	§	Cost-benefit analysis of those impacts which can be quantified (bus, bus passenger, general traffic, accidents etc)	Quantified indicator
	To increase bus commercial speeds and to increase bus reliability	§ §	Bus commercial speeds Bus passenger journey times	Quantified indicators (NOTE: care must be taken in final evaluation to avoid double counting with costbenefit noted above)
	To avoid increases in traffic congestion by restraining private vehicle travel (1)	§ § §	Car volumes Bus patronage - car use Commuter parking provisions	Quantified indicators (NOTE: care must be taken in final evaluation to avoid double counting with costbenefit noted above)
	To improve bus service quality^{^[31]}	§ § § §	Bus headwaysfrequency Numbers of bus stops with improved passenger facilities Numbers of bus stops with improved accessibility Passenger information	Statement of facilities provided and subjective assessment of impacts in each category
	To encourage cycling	§ §	Kms of bicycle ways Numbers of priority facilities at junctions and other facilities	Statement of facilities to be provided and subjective assessment of impacts
	To encourage walking	§ §	Kms of new or improved footways Numbers of road crossing facilities (at grade at junctions, grade separated etc) and other facilities	Statement of facilities to be provided and subjective assessment of impacts
To improve safety of the transport system	To reduce road traffic accidents of all system users (vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians)	§	Numbers of accidents	Quantified indicators
To improve safety of the transport system	To improve security of use of public transport (buses) both on and off vehicles	§	Potential for attack	Statement of facilities provided (such as lighting, phones, CCTV etc) and subjective assessment
To contribute to the improvement of the traffic related environment	To reduce vehicle emissions	§	Changes in vehicle emissions	Quantified indicator (if data available)
	To reduce noise pollution	§	Changes in noise impacts	Quantified indicator (if data available)
	To keep unwanted traffic out of environmentally sensitive areas	§	Traffic flows in designated areas	Quantified indicator
	To reduce severance caused by traffic	§	Changes in severance and access for local residents	State of facilities provided and subjective assessment
	To minimize land expropriation necessary to achieve transport objectives	§	Extent of land property expropriation	Quantified indicator
To promote efficient use of resources	To provide a cost effective scheme consistent to overall traffic management strategy	§ § § §	Capital cost Operating cost Maintenance cost Revenue (if any)	Quantified indicators
To ensure implementation	To ensure that the scheme is consistent with defined traffic management strategy			Subjective assessment
	To ensure that the scheme is publicly and politically acceptable			Subjective assessment based on public consultationparticipation
	To ensure that the scheme is affordable			Subjective assessment in relation to city budgets

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