Urban Transport Strategy. Management in Developing Countries John A Cracknell, страница 110

(segregated approaches to junctions, advance stop lines and special signals and paths at junctions, etc);

§  Secure bicycle parking areas particularly at places of work to counter theft; and

§  Lines of credit or other financial support to encourage bicycle ownership (not strictly “traffic management” but could be an integral part of a bicycle policy).

Inclusion in Bank traffic management projects/component - within recent Bank projects, NMT/bicycle facilities have included:

Comments and Issues – issues in bicycle/NMT programs include:

§  increasing motorization (including increased motor cycle-ization) has increased safety problems for bicycles particularly in mixed traffic heavily used intersections

§  reduction in street space for bicycles as pressures for road space increases from motorised vehicles and they are given preferential treatment and road

§  longer distance journeys as urban sprawl continues

§  affordability of bicycles by poorer sections of the community

§  lack of interest by urban traffic planners and social attitudes to bicycles – “backward”, “second class”. There is a view in some cities (reported to be especially the case in China) that bicycles are considered to impede motor vehicles, are outdated technology and that bicycle measures should be aimed at segregation-elimination rather than provision of good facilities etc.  Contrary to Bank advocacy of bicycles as a viable transport mode and there is pressure to release road space occupied by bicycles for use by motor vehicle or to divert bicycles onto long and inconvenient routes

§  poor physical design of bicycle facilities which increases rather than reduces hazards to cyclists such as lack of control at junctions and no resolution of conflicts with motor vehicles;

§  security of bicycles against theft (at terminal points of journeys etc) and personal security of users