Urban Transport Strategy. Management in Developing Countries John A Cracknell, страница 41

c)  it is difficult to identify a fully functioning traffic management agency within a past Bank project city although there are reports that institutional changes for “traffic system management” have had some success^[13].  However, most traffic management agencies assisted under Bank projects have not been sustained – technical assistance has been provided but the traffic management agency has gradually declined when the technical assistance has been completed (e.g. Mumbai (then Bombay) UTP I, Manila UTP).

4.7.3.      Until recently, it appears that few projects have sought to address the fundamental issues faced in traffic management.  Issues 1-7 demonstrate that sustainable, successful traffic management in a city is impossible without (i) a competent traffic management agency with adequate powers and financial resources and (ii) a sound institutional framework within which it can operate and projects should move in this direction. Some current Bank projects appear to making significant moves to address traffic management institutional issues directly and example are shown in the following table.

4.7.4.      While these programs appear to be a more systematic attempt to assist institutional development for traffic management, the issue of sustainability is vital.  The key to sustainability of a traffic management agency is considered to be the access to resources.  Continued traffic management requires the provision of adequate on-going budgets for planning, design, implementation and monitoring of measures.  The key comments in respect of Issue 7 above are summarised:

♦            traffic management agencies do have potential revenue sources:

♦            traffic management measures can generate revenue from (i) parking charges (ii) fines on traffic offenders (iii) capturing development gain from major private sector developers (iv) congestion charges (v) and other opportunities may exist e.g.. the use of private sector concessions for busways

♦            traffic management agencies may be unable to capitalise on these revenue possibilities as a result of existing legislation; and

♦           city administration may view earmarking of traffic revenues as undesirable.

Examples of Current Bank Project Actions in Building Traffic Management Institutions