Явище трансформації в перекладі англомовних текстів у галузі медицини, страница 31

·  Term building, peculiarities of terms which can have a negative influence
on translation quality, main translation methods and lexical translator's
transformations necessary for translation of the terms shall be studied.

·  Main term translation methods and lexical translator's transformations shall
be determined.

When investigating terminological difficulties in translating 200 terms have been examined selected from the up-to-date original English text by means of straight selection from hereinabove original text, and their equivalents in Ukrainian immunology.

The structure of the thesis was determined by the purpose and by the tasks of the study, hence the paper consists of two chapters, conclusions, bibliography, summary written in English and appendices. The first chapter presents theoretical problems which should be studied to carry out practical part of the paper. The second chapter describes investigation of terminological features of immunologic terminology, their level of translation difficulties. Appendices present English-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-English (vocabularies) glossaries, the original and translation of the unadapted text on immunology.

Test methods were conditioned by test purpose and tasks and included the following: comparative translation analysis used to determine the type of a term and methods of its translation; "straight selection" method applied when making term sample and analyzed to develop the typology, literature analysis used in accordance with subject of the study, analysis of translation methods and lexical translator's transformations used when translating immunologic terms, comparison of specific role of these methods and translator transformations, generalizing of analysis results.

The study was carried out in the following way. On translating the text and making straight selection of terms from the text, and on having learned the literature dedicated to the subject of the study, the typology of architectural and building terms was developed. Main methods of translation and translator's transformations were ascertained for each type of terms.

English medical materials present a whole series of grammatical peculiarities. Surely,  there is not any ‘medical grammar’. In  medical speech, the same syntax and  morphological forms are used as well as in other functional styles.

Still, a series of grammatical phenomena in this style is observed more frequently than that in the others; some  phenomena, quite the contrary, appear in it comparatively rare, the other – are only used with  specific lexical ‘filling’.

It is significant that the most commonly encountered properties of scientific-medial convey affect the syntax of speech. For them, concept definition and real object description are realized through pointing out their features. 

Theses which are to be submitted to presentation are as follows:

·  In order to achieve adequate translation of terms of up-to date
technical texts on immunology, the translator shall not only be aware of and be capable of using in practice methods of translation and lexical translator's
transformations necessary to translate the terms, but know term equivalents and shall be familiar with the branches he is connected with.

·  There can be substantial difficulties in translating the texts because of imperfection of the Ukrainian and English terminological systems caused by synonymy and homonymy.

·  In order to achieve adequate translation of technical texts one shall
know of different types of systemic correlation of source and target language units as equivalence between terminological units of the source and target language emerge on this level, besides every term type can be used when choosing word equivalents for an adequate translation.

·  Main translation methods used when translating these terms were as
follows: choosing of variant equivalent, word-for word translation, descriptive
translation; main lexical transformations: lexical meaning concretization, word
replacement, substitution, word supplement and word elimination.