Пособие по техническому переводу, страница 7

Послетекстовые упражнения

I Подберите соответствующий перевод данным английским словам:

II Переведите следующие термины-словосочетания на русский язык.

low vibration track, well-maintained ballasted track, freight train derailment, rubber-boots, block pads, elastic properties, track geometry, rubber-booted blocks, tie-bar gauge rods, encasement concrete, gauge-holding test, rail support, rail pad, unit pressure, longitudinal directions, uniform subgrade, stable performance, track base, point loads, low spring rate, vibration frequency, track slab vibration, vertical acceleration, rail mechanical admittance, electrical leakage, grounding wires.

III Переведите следующие термины-словосочетания на английский язык.

Эксплуатационные качества, микропористые прокладки, путь со съездами, путеизмерительные ленты, геометрия пути, независимые блоки, рельсовые опоры, инверторные стяжки, аэродинамические характеристики пути, низкая частота вибраций, подрельсовая прокладка, поперечные – продольные направления, эксплуатационные затраты, естественное сопротивление рельсов вертикальному изгибу, положение пути по уровню, подъем рельса, резонансная частота нагруженной системы, циклическая нагрузка, земляное полотно, изоляция скреплений и блоков, утечка токов, обратный тяговый ток, заземляющие провода.

IV Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык.

1 The elastic two-stage LVT system is in use on railroads and railway transit systems worldwide.

2 Concrete blocks constructed for use in the Channel Tunnel are hand finished before being sent in to curing oven at a manufacturing plant.

3 Rail head geometry control under severe curve loading of the rail support blocks was tested by an independent laboratory and found to be excellent.

4 Repeated load tests ascertained the LVT fatigue resistance.

5 A short section of rail fastened to a rubber booted block remained in a stable position throughout the fatigue test, with rail head lateral deflection not exceeding 1/16 inch.

6 In an actual curve environment, the rail’s load distributing property reduces the maximum load per block to 385 of the vertical wheel load.

7 The load distribution in the lateral direction was found to be almost identical to the vertical one.

8 The test loads are equivalent to maximum wheel loads of 17.6 tons lateral and 35.2 tons vertical.

9 Although there was sufficient tunnel clearance and the track could have been converted to ballasted track throughout, it was decided to repair the LVT.

10 There is ample “give” in the elastic components to absorb wheel load variations due to running surface imperfections, which is also essential to achieve low rolling noise. Designed for the Channel Tunnel, the LVT system can support 25-ton axle loads; other design are capable of supporting 39-ton axle loads.

V Переведите текст письменно. Озаглавьтеего.

It is important to note that the design parameters of effective mass, rail/block pad stiffness and mechanical admittance are the result of engineering choices guided primarily by practical considerations such as satisfactory long-term performance and a good track record, and not by a mathematician’s view of the “proper” design. The LVT satisfies the performance requirements of past and present users for (static) axle loads of up to 25 tons and such extremely harsh conditions as those projected for the Channel Tunnel track. An LVT design can support 39-ton axle loads as well – the concrete blocks’ size, reinforcement and elastic cushioning are simply adapted to the endurance.