Features of Examining a Scene of Actio, and the Identification of Victims in the Criminal Cases in Relation to Acts of Terrorism, страница 4

The problem of nuclear wastes at the territory of the Russian Federation

Natalia Kim[11]

Igor.P. Shtabnoy[12]

Abstract:

Keywords:

According to the article 42 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation from 12.12.1993, everyone has the right to have a favorable environment and to get trustworthy information about its condition. In practice the realization of this article can not be observed, especially if the question is about nuclear waste products.

At all stages of activity the atomic energy produces waste radioactive products. Thousand tons of waste radioactive products are formed annually. Containers, in which waste radioactive products are transported, do not comply with the standards fixed by the International Atomic Energy Agency. That is why radioactive waste product represents a big danger during transportation. The distance of transportation to the burial place, which is located in Russia, makes up thousand kilometers. Steel containers are exposed to corrosion, but in spite of this fact they are transported and kept in open-air. The biggest part of waste radioactive products is represented in the form of crystals of hexafluoride of uranium. These crystals enter a chemical reaction with water in an instant, and the result of this reaction is the allocation of killing gas. Having got into lungs, this gas can lead to the lethal outcome of animals a human.

The import to the Russian Federation of radioactive waste products and nuclear materials from the foreign countries with a view of their storage or a burial, with a view of flooding, sending with a view of a burial in the space, according to the article 48 of the Federal law of the Russian Federation from 10.01.2002 N 7-FL «About preservation of the environment», are forbidden, except for those cases established by this law.

The import to the Russian Federation of irradiated fuel assemblies of nuclear reactors for the purpose of the transient technological storage and (or) their processing is authorized in case if the state ecological examination and other state expert appraisals of the corresponding project, stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation, were conducted, the general reduction of risk of radiating influence and the increase of the level of ecological safety are proved as a result of realization of the corresponding project. The import to the Russian Federation of irradiated fuel assemblies of nuclear reactors is realized in accordance with the basis of the international contracts of the Russian Federation.

The order of import to the Russian Federation of irradiated fuel assemblies of nuclear reactors is established by the Government of the Russian Federation in accordance with the main principles of maintenance of non-distribution of the nuclear weapon, preservation of the environment and economic interests of the Russian Federation, considering the priority of the right to return the radioactive waste products formed after processing to the state of an origin of nuclear materials or to guarantee their returning.

7 tons of the impoverished uranium (which is considered to be a waste product in Europe) are formed from each ton of enriched uranium (at three factories in Netherlands, Germany and the Great Britain, and also French factory Eurodif/Cogema). They can either be kept, or be exported to Russia «for processing». Now the situation with nuclear waste products in Russia is critical: the transient storehouses are overfilled, and at present there are no places for long-term storage.

The largest European power companies among which there is French Electricite de France, send thousand tons of the radioactive waste products to Russia. The members of Russian Department of Green Peace Organization are sure, that instead of the nuclear wastes for processing, radioactive dust is transported into the only country in the world, which deceives its own law and receives foreign nuclear waste products with the purpose of the further burial.