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Prospecting and exploration. Petroleum refining. Drilling and completing wells, страница 3

V. Find the proper translation of every sentence

1. Our speciality is one of the most important nowadays.

2. Specialist can work in different enterprises.

3. A good specialist should know a lot about oil and gas.

4. The value of the petroleum produced reached impressive proportions.

5. The introduction of oil and into commercial market is widespread.

6. The students of our university have all the possibilities for getting good education.

a) Хороший специалист должен много знать о нефти и газе.

b) Наша специальность одна из наиболее важных сейчас.

c) Выход нефти и газа на коммерческий рынок широко распространён.

d) Специалисты могут работать на разных предприятиях.

e) Объём добываемой нефти достиг внушительных размеров.

f) Студенты нашего университета имеют все возможности для получения хорошего образования.

Ключи:

II. 1 – b

2 – e

3 – c

4 – a

5 – f

6 – d

III. 1 – f

2 – c

3 – d

4 – a

5 – e

6 – b

IV. 1 – a

2 – d

3 – c

4 – e

5 – b

6 – f

V. 1 – b

2 – d

3 – a

4 – e

….5 – c

….6 – f

УРОК 4 (ПС) 4 семестр

I. Vocabularylist

well – скважина

drill – бурить

impact-type tool – инструмент ударного типа

cable-tool drilling – канатное бурение

chisel-like bit – долотообразная головка бура

up-and-down motion – поступательное движение

chip away – урезать, сокращать

basket-like device – корнорватель корзиночного типа

cap – опечатывать

II. Find Russian equivalents to English words

1. drill

2. lever

3. interrupt

4. flow

5. penetrate

6. cap

a) прерывать

b) течь

c) рычаг

d) опечатывать

e) бурить

f) проникать

III. Match the parts of the word combination

1. impact type

2. chisel-like

3. up-and-down

4. basket-like

5. drilling

6. large

a) bit

b) tool

c) process

d) motion

e) amount

f) device

DRILLING AND COMPLETING WELLS

Early wells were drilled with impact-type tools in a method called cable-tool drilling, in which a chisel-like bit was suspended from a cable to a lever at the surface, and an up-and-down motion of the lever caused the bit to pound the bottom of the hole and chip away the rock. Such drilling had to be interrupted periodically to allow loose rock chips to be removed with a basket-like device on the cable. Also, the well had to be free of liquids during the drilling process so that the bit could effectively remove rock. These necessarily dry holes allowed oil and gas to flow to the surface in large quantities as soon as a producing formation was penetrated. This created the image of a "gusher" as a successful well. Often, a large amount of oil was wasted before the well could be capped and brought under control.


IV. Mater the questions to the answers

1. What tool was used for drilling early wells?

2. What kind of drilling was used in early wells?

3. Had such drilling to be interrupted?

4. Why had the well to be tree of liquids?

5. What did it created?

6. Was a large amount of oil wasted before the well could be capped?

a) The image of a “gusher”.

b) Yes, it hood.

c) Impact-type tool.

d) Yes, it was.

e) Cable-tool drilling.

f) To remove rock effectively.

V. Find the proper translation of every sentence

1. Early wells were drilling with impact-type tools.

2. In early wells a method called cable-tool drilling was used.

3. A chisel-like bit was suspended from a cable to a lever at the surface.

4. Such drilling had to be interrupted periodically.

5. The wells had to be free of liquids.

6. A large amount of oil was wasted before the well could be capped.

a) Такое бурение должно было прерываться периодически.

b) Первые скважины бурили инструментом ударного типа.

c) Большое количество нефти расходовалось перед тем, как скважину могли опечатать.

d) Скважины должны быть свободны от жидкости.

e) В первых скважинах использовали метод, который назывался канатное бурение.

f) Долотообразная головка бура подвешивалась с каната к рычагу на поверхности.
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