Основы грамматики английского языка для студентов-медиков. Раздел III

PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

НАСТОЯЩЕЕ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ

Употребление

1.  Констатация объективных истин, которые не подлежат сомнению.

The Sun rises in the East. – СолнцевстаётнаВостоке.

Waterboilsat 100 C. – Вода кипит при температуре 100 C.

2.  Отдельно или регулярно повторяющиеся действия в настоящем.

I usually have a cup of tea in the morning. – Яобычновыпиваючашкучаяутром.

Указатели времени

1.  usually 2.  often 3.  sometimes 4.  always

обычно часто иногда всегда

5.  never 6.  seldom 7.  every 8.  as a rule 9.  on Sunday

никогда редко каждый как правило в воскресенье

Образование

Утвердительная форма («+»)

	I, You, We, They		V1		He, She, It		Vs

 

                           +      

Вспомогательныеглаголы

Do (I, You, We, They)     Does (He, She, It)

Отрицательная форма (“-“)

do does

V1

not

Подлеж

                                                                                                      

Вопросительная форма («?»)

	(Вопросит слово)				do does				Подлеж.		V1
		Who				Vs

 

BUT:

We usually translate a lot of articles.	Мы обычно переводим много статей.
He sometimes listens to such music	Он иногда слушает такую музыку.
I don’t often see my schoolmates.	Я не часто вижусь со свoими одноклассниками.
My sister doesn’t go to the Institute on Sundays.	Моя сестра не ходит в институт по воскресеньям.
Do you always go for your vocations to your patients? -Yes, I do. / No I don’t.	-Ты всегда ездишь на каникулы к родителям? - Да. / Нет.
Does your friend seldom miss lectures? -  Yes, he does. -  No, he doesn’t.	Твой друг редко пропускает лекции? - Да. - Нет.

EXERCISES

I. Translate the sentences into Russian

1.  I usually visit my district doctor when I am ill.

2.  They usually prepare their lessons at home.

3.  My fellow-student often carries on experiments on animals.

4.  We always attend all the lectures.

5.  He doesn’t miss his classes.

6.  First-year students don’t study these subjects in the first year.

7.  When does this professor deliver lectures on Anatomy?

8.  Do you treat people every day?

9.  How often does your fellow student go to visit his family?

10.  I hear badly.

11.  He wants to stay here after classes.

II. Write the following sentences in the 3rd person singular

1.  I think I am ill.	6.  Good children always obey.
2.  They often visit their granny.	7.  Heavy trucks make much noise.
3.  We live in Leeds.	8.  We write two tests each term.
4.  You usually speak too quickly.	9.  I cope with Biology.
5.  Do you like ice-cream?	10.  We study medicine.

III. Answer the following questions according to the model

Model: What does a driver do? – He drives.

             What do drivers do? – They drive.

1.  What does a singer do?	6.  What do dancers do?
2.  What does a runner do?	7.  What does a painter do?
3.  What do students do?	8.  What does a typist do?
4.  What does a dancer do?	9.  What does a runner do?
5.  What do cooks do?	10.  What do writers do?

IV. Put the sentences into negative and interrogative form

1.  My brother spends much time on Anatomy.

2.  I am eager to graduate from the Institute.

3.  The first-year curriculum includes a lot of subjects.

4.  A lot of applicants hand in applications to this higher school every year.

5.  He tries to study well.

6.  Your sister arranges concerts every month.

7.  Tom belongs to a scientific circle.

8.  Our classes usually begin at 8 o’clock.

9.  My friend always waits for me after classes.

10.  I take notes of all the lectures.

11.  She lives in the hostel.

V. Put up questions to the underlined words

1.  We usually have dinner at our Institute canteen.

2.  My friends don’t carry on any research work, because they are only first-year students.

3.  Her parents live in another city.

4.  Sometimes my uncle treats me for the grippe.

5.  He is eager to enter the Institute this year.

6.  They are interested in Histology.

7.  I expect his letters every week.

8.  Their education is free of charge.

9.  We always discuss our plans for the future.

10.  The students take exams two times a year.

11.  They often take the books from the library.

VI. Open the brackets using the necessary form of the verbs

1.  Our lecture in Latin usually (to end) at 9³⁵.

2.  I (not to see) well.

3.  My friend (to take) an active part in the Institute social life.

4.  Every year a lot of students (to graduate) from the Institute.

5.  Very often Nick (to receive) many interesting findings.

6.  All the doctors (to fight) against these diseases.

7.  He (not to arrange) meetings as a rule.

8.  We (not to study) practical medicine in this year.

9.  You (to carry) on any research work?

10.  His son (not to know) this scientist.

11.  They (to gain) much knowledge in medicine at their classes.

12.  She (to remember) all the data well.

13.  How often your friend (to go) to the library?

14.  The students (not to pay) much attention to their studies.

VII. Express a contrasting idea

Model: She knows English well, but she (not to know) German.

She knows English well, but she does not know German.

1.  I always help him with Physics, but he (never, to help) me with Chemistry.

2.  We go to visit our parents every weekend, but our room-mate (to go to visit his parents, every other week-end).