Geometrical optics (What is the principal axis? Law of refraction (definition and illustrated your answer using ray diagrams))

Geometrical optics

Variant 1

1. Law of reflection.
2. What is the principal axis?
3. Write the lens–marker’s formula
4. Types of lenses (draw the passing of rays through lenses).
5. Write the formula of magnification of a combined optical system.
6. Light rays are incident on a parallel-sided glass slab of refractive index n₂ at an angle i. If the slab is l think and immersed in air (refractive index of air n₁) calculate using the formula of refraction low the angle at which the rays emerge from the slab. Draw a ray diagram showing the relationship between the incident and transmitted rays.

Geometrical optics

Variant 2

1. Law of refraction (definition and illustrated your answer using ray diagrams).
2. What is the principal focus?
3. Phenomenon of total reflection (definition and illustrated your answer using ray diagrams).
4. Comment on the position, nature and size of an image formed by a converging lens when the object is: (a) outside the focal length, (b) at the focal point, (c) inside the focal length. Illustrated your answer using ray diagrams.
5. Write the formula of magnification of a combined optical system.
6.  Remembering that for a plane wave the wavefronts are perpendicular to rays, draw a diagram showing that plane waves are produced when a point source is placed at the focal point of a converging lens.

Geometrical optics

Variant 1

7. Law of reflection.
8. What is the principal axis?
9. Write the lens–marker’s formula
10. Types of lenses (draw the passing of rays through lenses).
11. Write the formula of magnification of a combined optical system.
12.  Light rays are incident on a parallel-sided glass slab of refractive index n₂ at an angle i. If the slab is l think and immersed in air (refractive index of air n₁) calculate using the formula of refraction low the angle at which the rays emerge from the slab. Draw a ray diagram showing the relationship between the incident and transmitted rays.

Geometrical optics

Variant 2

7. Law of refraction (definition and illustrated your answer using ray diagrams).
8. What is the principal focus?
9. Phenomenon of total reflection (definition and illustrated your answer using ray diagrams).
10. Comment on the position, nature and size of an image formed by a converging lens when the object is: (a) outside the focal length, (b) at the focal point, (c) inside the focal length. Illustrated your answer using ray diagrams.
11. Write the formula of magnification of a combined optical system.
12.  Remembering that for a plane wave the wavefronts are perpendicular to rays, draw a diagram showing that plane waves are produced when a point source is placed at the focal point of a converging lens.