Утворення ступенів порівняння прикметників та безособових речень. Розмовна тема: "Different Kinds of Work on Farms"

sheep and to protect them and their lambs from wild animals such as wolves and eagles.

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1. Where does much of the beef in North America come from?

2. What do people do to expand cattle-ranching?

3. What do people do to produce more meat?

4. What farm animals do you know?

2.Read and translate the following text.

Different Kinds of Work on Farms

Growing your own vegetables, culinary herbs, fruit and raising animals bring a very special satisfaction but they take much time and energy. Farmers and all people connected with agriculture, work much, sometimes from early morning till late evening. They perform different kinds of work.

First of all, farmers prepare soil for planting, fertilizing it. One essential component of a fertile soil is humus. It is a complex mixture of compounds that derive from the decay of organic matter to form a dark-coloured, sticky substance. Also essential to soil fertility is a wide range of living organisms that populate it. Farmers use different minerals to get land into a good state. Such lands are easily cultivated and provide better conditions for plants.

Planning a garden is a very important thing. One of the most basic considerations in planning a garden is its structural form. Single specimens of fruit trees and bushes can be used for good effect. There are two main possibilities for integrating fruit and vegetables in the garden. They can be grown within the mixture of plants in a mixed border or they can be grown alongside ornamental features in formal beds. Growing crops within the ornamental borders of a garden is particularly suitable where space is limited or where only small supplies are wanted.

Generations of experience have shown that growth and yield can be reduced if crops are grown in the same ground year after year. Rotating crops in sequence is a long-established practice to prevent this. There are three main reasons for using rotation: to combat pests and diseases, to maintain soil fertility and to keep the soil well cultivated.

Protecting crops is very important. One of the ways is growing crops under cover. A greenhouse is probably the most ambitious and demanding possibility, but it provides the greatest opportunity for growing variety over the longest possible period. Farmers spend much time working in a greenhouse.

You can’t grow good crops without weed control. Weeds are plants growing where they are not wanted. Usually they are native plants that grow successfully in the wild. Crops are affected by weed competition and for most people a weed free garden is more attractive than one left to its natural development. Farmers try to kill weeds spraying them with weedkillers.

Good growth and yield depend on continuous adequate supplies of water. The best source of water is rain, but due to seasonal fluctuations in rainfall and high temperatures in summer, soils often become dry during periods of plant growing and extra water is needed. Many farms and gardens have watering and irrigation equipment for this purpose.

Much work is done on cattle-farms too. People look after animals, help them when they are sick. They feed them, clean stables. In summer farmers make and cock hay.

МОВЛЕННЯ

1.Readthedialoguesandthenactthemout.

1

-  At last the day has come when we are going to visit a farm! I’m eager to see everything with my own eyes.

-  Seeing is believing, isn’t it?

-  Look! I’ve never seen such open fields! Crops and crops as far as you can see. The fields look like the sea. There are animals grazing in the distance. What a beautiful view!

-  How sentimental you are! To have such a view one must plough the soil, harrow it, cultivate and fertilize it.

2

-  Have you got any experience in farming?

-  Yes. My family has a farm. We grow vegetables.

-  How interesting! Does it take much efforts?

-  It really does. To achieve high yields we have to work hard all year round.

-  What is the busiest season for a farmer?

-  Each in its way. In spring we prepare the soil and seeds for planting, in summer we should take care of the young plants weeding, watering and protecting them. The middle of summer is the time to start harvesting. It lasts till late autumn.

-  Then winter is the quietest season, isn’t it?

-  Not exactly. It’s time for repairing agricultural machines and deciding what and where to plant next spring

2.Make up your own dialogues. Discuss  kinds of work performed in different seasons.

ГРАМАТИКА

Ступені порівняння прикметників /

Degrees of Comparisonof Adjectives..

Remember!

As…as – такий же...як

Not so…as – не такий...як

1.Make the comparative and the superlative degree of the following adjectives.

Hot, long, short, clever, silly, bad, great, practical, red, black, white, thin, important, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, far, difficult, small, efficient, tall, little, high, famous, weak