Situation in which assistance of the pilot is required

Situation in which assistance of the pilot is required.

Means of ordering a pilot.

As a rule the most part of the ports is situated in inner waters. Inner waters have big number of dangers to navigation. Also there are a big number of straits (проливы)  and channels which are also hard to navigation. That is why all maritime countries have                             service which is called pilot service. It is aimed to render assistance to navigators. Assistance is affected by pilots. Pilot is a person who knows all local conditions connected with navigation. The pilot must have special certificate or license which shows that he is really  authorized  (действительно уполномачивается) to pilot vessels in a particular Pilotage area if  it is requested. The pilot must produce his license. Pilotage can be optional (дополнительный) or compulsory. Approaching port vessel may order a pilot by various means. Most often  (Наиболее часто)vessels sent a radiogram to the port Pilot station including their name and ETA. In the day  flag “G” can he hoisted. It means “I require a pilot”. In case at poor visibility pilot can be ordered by means “F” sound signals. At night light signals can be used. When the pilot on board flag “H” must be displayed.

PROCESS OF PILOTAGE

Pilot launch approaches the vessel and pilot boarders the vessel by means of pilot ladder or special electrically operated lifts. He is met by OOW. The muster must be on the bridge in this moment. All pilotage must by planned before effecting (перед осуществлением). The master and pilot must discuss (обсудить) all parts of passage (проход) ,whether conditions ,average speed, ETA. Then the bridge must be shown to the pilot, because pilot must know where VHF is situated and how to change channels and which radar is available for his use. When all above actions (действия) are affected the pilotage begins. During the pilotage muster fully responsible for the ship in spite of presence (несмотря на присутствие) of the pilot on board. If it seems  (кажется)  to master that the pilot is not experience (опыт)  he can dismiss (отклонить)  the pilot. The pilot only advises the master. The pilot leaves the ship only after berthing. Sometimes if the weather conditions prevent the pilot from embarking he remains (остается) in the pilot launch and leads the vessel, maintaining constant  (постоянное поддержание)  communication by means of VHF. After the pilotage muster must fill (заполниться) in the Pilotage Bill and the coast of pilotage will bye included in Disbursements account.

DUTIES OF A SHIP MASTER AND A PILOT DURING PILOTAGE

The master must be on the bridge during the pilotage but if the process of pilotage takes much time he can delegate responsibility to the officer of the watch and he can leave the bridge. In this case master must give clear instructions to the OOW. In case of any doubt OOW must call the master. The master is fully responsible for the ship during the pilotage even if the pilot on board. The master must cooperate in exchange of navigational information with the pilot. Before the pilotage the master must provide for all process of pilotage including: weather conditions, traffic conditions, details of passage, ETA, average speed. The conn  of the ship during the pilotage is effected by master or OOW in case of delegating responsibilities. The pilot only advises the master. Pilot also must have his own plan of passage. The pilot must discuss the rout and conditions with the master. The pilot must know which radar is available for him and where the VHF is situated. the master also must ensure that the appropriate charts are available and that all navigation aids in order. After the master must fill in the Pilotage Bill.

PERSANAL SAFTY OF MOORING PARTY

Mooring is a danger process because the crew members work in close proximity to lines and mooring gear. A broken line can cause the injures. A broken lines will snap hack beyond the point at which it is secured, possibly to a distance as far as its own length. It is not possible to predict all potential danger zones from snapback. IT is better to stand aside and well away from tensioned line.

CHOOSING AN ANCHORAGE

Usually the vessels lie at anchor in inner or outer roadstead or in anchorages as a rull this places have good conditions for ancoring. Sometimes it is necessary to drop anchor in open sea or in area which is not used as anchorage. In this case the place for anchoring must be choose according to.

PROCEDURE OF BRINGING THE SHIP TO ANCHOR

There are situations when it is necessary to anchor the vessel in open sea or area which is not used as anchorage. So it is necessary to choose right place which has favorable conditions for anchorage. The anchorage must meet some requirements. The anchorage should be sheltered from winds and seas, and also it should be situated far from ship’s routes and underwater cables and pipelines. The holding graund must be good for example: sand, clay, silt, mud, gravel. The mud is preferable (предпочтительный ). Also anchorage must have sufficient swinging room and safe approaches. The draught of the