Anchorage Selection
In the inner harbour ships anchor at the allocated anchoring berths recommended by a pilot or port authorities in accordance with the local regulations anchorage in the outer roadsteads which are opposite the ports are indicated on charts and in the pilot book.
Vessels may use for lying at anchor the places allocated specially for anchoring. Such anchorages must meet following requirements:
1. It should be situated for off the ship’s routes, fairways, underwater cables and pipelines.
2. Anchoring place should have a good holding ground. It’s not recommended to use anchorages with hard bottom such as rocks, stones, shells, corals. The great holding grounds are sand, clay, silt, mud, gravel. The mud grounds are preferable because then the holding of the ships is possible.
3. Anchorages should also have sufficient swinging room and safe approaches.
4. Minimum depth at anchoring place depends on the ship’s draught, height of waves. The preferable depth of anchorage is 20 – 30 meters. It’s not recommended to use anchorages with the depth more than 100 meters. The intended anchoring berth should be studied carefully and the plan of anchorage approach and manoeuvring should be drawn up.
Procedure of bringing a ship to anchor is effected under the supervision of the Master. First of all the Master gives the order: “Get the port/starboard/both anchor(s) ready to let go”. The number of anchors dropped depends on force of wind, strength and set of tide, nature of holding ground and depth of water. It’s recommended to slack away the anchor to the water before dropping especially after a long voyage. Before bringing vessel to anchor her speed must be decreased to slow. If there’s a strong wind, it’s necessary to bring her head up to the wind. In case of a strong tidal stream or current, the ship should stem the current. When the ship is near her included anchoring place her engines are stopped and if necessary should be worked astern to run off her headway. The vessel is given a little sternway with the engine and one anchor is dropped. The Master orders: “Let go the anchor”. The boatswain secures the break, connects the chain gear with the windlass and then the anchor chain slacked away slowly, shackle by shackle.
The Master orders to slack away a definite number of shackles. The Boatswain switches on the windlass to slack away the cable and then he constantly reports how many shackles are under water and how the chain looks. When the proper length of the chain is paid out Master orders to hold on the chain. When the chain is brought up, the brake is set as tight as possible. The OOW takes anchorage bearings and soundings and makes corresponding entries in the log book the ships position on the chart.
Procedure of bringing a ship to anchor is effected under the supervision of the Master. First of all the Master gives the order: “Get the port/starboard/both anchor(s) ready to let go”. The number of anchors dropped depends on force of wind, strength and set of tide, nature of holding ground and depth of water. It’s recommended to slack away the anchor to the water before dropping especially after a long voyage. Before bringing vessel to anchor her speed must be decreased to slow. If there’s a strong wind, it’s necessary to bring her head up to the wind. In case of a strong tidal stream or current, the ship should stem the current. When the ship is near her included anchoring place her engines are stopped and if necessary should be worked astern to run off her headway. The vessel is given a little sternway with the engine and one anchor is dropped. The Master orders: “Let go the anchor”. The boatswain secures the break, connects the chain gear with the windlass and then the anchor chain slacked away slowly, shackle by shackle.
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