Syntactic Functions. The article. Property of substance, partial nominative value, страница 4

The            syntactic The communicative The nature of the The            aspect of function of the function     of         the property     denoted meaning         of         the adjective       adjective          by the adjective           noun    that      is determined by the

adjective

             Attributive                  Classifying                 Temporally      non-   Significative

                                                          identifying                 limited                                            iced

Predicative       Qualifying       Temporally limited     denotational    )r o characterizing »lice 6. The Problem of the Satives i the

There exist a distinct group of adjectives in the present-day English language that are characterized with. 1) the lexico-grainmatical meaning of state.

-  psychological: afraid, aghast;        (the

-  physical: asleep, awake,

                     spatial: afloat, asquint,                                                                                    the

-  physical state of an object: afire, abalze, aglow.   ully

2)  the prefix a-           can

3)  no category of degrees of comparison;

4)  combinability with links    ;his

-g 5) the syntactic fianction of a predicative complement.

Is it a separate part of speech? (B.A.Ilyish calls them the category of state words. B.S. Khaimovich ; is and B.I.Rogovskaya call them adlinks)

         Yet on the whole the above stated reasc^ arqjiiardly instrumental in establishing the English statives                                                                       :al

            ^as a separate pait of speech                                                                                    in

L.S.Barkhudarov first undertook this kind of reconsideration of the lexemic status of the English ve statives. He agrees that there is a distinctive lexical set of adjectives in the present-day English language. gWhat is disputable is their status in relation to the notional parts of speech. He drawsour attention to the

              following facts:                                                                                                      le

1)  the state is a variety of the property of a substance,

2)  they are not absolutely out of the category of degrees of comparison and intensity:

e.g. of all of us, Jack was the one most aware of the situation in which we found ourselves,

     1 saw that the adjusting lever stood far more askew that was allowed by the direction.                                                                                     >f

3) the number of statives: a couple dozen of stable ones and perhaps twice as many of coinages. This n is negligible in comparison with the number of words identified in other parts of speech.

Thus it can be concluded that a-adjectives, though forming a unified set of words, do not constitute a separate leximic class existing in a language on the same footing as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Rather, they should be treated as a subclass within the general class of adjectives.

Subtantivization of nouns

Substativization of nouns (noun-conversted adjectives) : a relative, a white, a dear.

On analogy with verbids, these words can be called "adjectivids" since they are rather nominal forms of adjectives than nouns as such.

e.g.      pluralia tantum : the English, the rich, the unemployed, the uninitiated singualria tantum: the invisible, the abstract, the tangible.