Контрольное задание № 6
Вариант 1
I. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык 1 – 4 абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 3 и 4-й абзацы.
Пояснения к тексту
1. in a matter of minutes – за несколько минут
2. the information fed into – вводимая информация
1. There are two main types of computing equipment – digital and analogue. They work differently and yield different results. The digital computer is performing a much broader range of functions than the analogue one. Handling thousands of calculations per second, it does in a matter of a minutes1 work that would require years of labour with paper and pencil.
2. The analogue computer, as its name implies, produces analogues or parallels of the process to be described or the problem to be solved. Both the digital and the analogue computers must be “programmed”. This means they must be set up in such a way that they can produce a result from the information fed into2 them, and the information itself must be organized so it can be handled by the machines. These devices working by electronic impulses perform at fantastic speed and with great precision.
3. Looking to the future, computer makers see no end to the things they would like to accomplish. Until recently computers were able to accept information only in specially prepared forms – usually from cards or tapes. The next big development is to build devices that can read ordinary typed or printed characters. This will save the considerable time and human effort devoted to the “programming” of material for a computer to process.
4. There are many “practical dreamers” who foresee computers to be small and light enough to be carried. Others expect computers to direct the manufacturing and programming of other computers.
5. The computer of the future seems to be developed by using bionics – biological functions of plants and animals – as a guide in designing electronic circuits. The so-called “bio-computers” are likely to read printed material, recognize faces, or act upon verbal instructions.
II. Выпишите из 2-го абзаца предложение, содержащее инфинитив в функции определения, и переведите его письменно.
III. Прочтите 5-й абзац и письменно ответьте на вопрос:
What actions are the “bio-computers” likely to perform?
Вариант 2
I. Прочтите текст и устно переведите на русский язык абзацы 1 – 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 1 – 3.
Пояснения к тексту
1. misuse – неправильно использовать.
2. primary – первичная обмотка.
3. refer to – называть.
4. load – нагрузка.
5. CIS – СНГ.
1. The transformer is a device for changing the electric current from one voltage to another. As a matter or fact, it is used for increasing or decreasing voltage. A simple transformer is a kind of induction coil/ It is well known that in its usual from it has no moving parts. On the whole, it requires very little maintenance provided it is not misused1 and not damaged by lightning.
2. We may say that the principal parts of a transformer are two windings, that is coils, and an iron core. The coil which is supplied with current is called the “primary windings”, or just “primary”2, for short. The winding from which the current is taken, is referred to3 as the “secondary winding” or “secondary”, for short. The former is connected to the source of supply, the latter being connected to the load4.
3. When the number or turns of wire on the secondary is the same as the number on the primary, the secondary voltage is the same as the primary, and we get what is called a “one-to-one” transformer. If, however, the number of turns on the secondary winding is greater that those on the primary, the output voltage is larger than the input voltage and the transformer is called a step-up transformer. on the other hand, the secondary turns being fewer in number than the primary, the transformer is known as a step-down transformer.
4. The transformer is known to operate equally well to increase
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