Вводно-коррективный курс по фонетике английского языка

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УО «Белорусский государственный экономический университет»

Факультет международных бизнес-коммуникаций

Кафедра делового английского языка

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ВВОДНО-КОРРЕКТИВНЫЙ КУРС ПО ФОНЕТИКЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

Для студентов 1 курса ФМБК

Минск 2009

Unit 1     [ i: ]   sheep

Open your mouth very little to make the sound [ i: ].

[ i: ] is a long sound.

Practice 1.  Listen and repeat:

bean

heel

meal

peel

sheep

cheap

seat

eat

leek

cheeks

Practice 2.  Listen and repeat:

Edith

evening

easy

Jean

cheese

see

tea

pea

three

eating

Peter

Meat

Dialogue    In a restaurant

Peter:

Edith:

Peter:

Jean:

Waiter:

Peter:

Edith:

Waiter:

What would you like to eat, Edith?

A meat sandwich.

Jean? Would you like a meat sandwich or a cheese sandwich?

A cheese sandwich, please, Peter.

Good evening.

Good evening. We’ll have one meat sandwich and two cheese sandwiches.

And three teas, please!

(writing down the order) One meat sandwich … two cheese sandwiches … and … three teas.

Intonation      Questions with “or”.

These have a falling tune at the end. The parts of words which are in blacker type are louder, or stressed.

Would you like /coffee or \tea?

Would you like /veal or \beef?

Would you like /coffee or /milk or \tea?

Now practise with somebody using this menu.

MENU

Soup:

Leek soup or pea soup

Meat:

Veal or beef

Vegetables:

Beans or peas

Sweets:

Cheesecake or ice-cream or peaches

Coffee or tea

Example:

- Would you like leek soup or pea soup?

- Leek soup, please.

Unit 2    [ ı ]  ship

First practise the sound [ i: ].

Then open your mouth a little more.

[ i: ] is a long sound.

[ ı ]  is a short sound.

Practice 1  Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

sheep

bean

eat

ship

bin

it

seat

leek

cheeks

sit

lick

chicks

Test   Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:

  1. a) sheep; b) ship.
  2. a) bean; b) bin.
  3. a) cheeks; b) chicks.
  4. a) cheap; b) chip.
  5. a) heel; b) hill.
  6. a) peel; b) pill.

Practice 2  Listen and repeat:

it's

isn’t

ill

Indians

interesting

Tim

film

minutes

beginning

Mrs. Smith

fifty

sixty

Dialogue     An interesting film

Bill:

Lyn:

Mrs Smith:

Bill:

Tim:

Lyn:

Tim:

Lyn:

Bill:

Mrs Smith:

Tim:

Is Tim in?

Is he coming to the pictures?

Tim’s ill.

Here he is! Hello, Tim!

Hello, Bill.

Are you ill Tim?

Is it an interesting film?

It’s “Big Jim and the Indians”.

And it begins in six minutes.

If you are ill Tim…

Quick! Or we’ll miss the beginning of the film!

Unit 3 [ e ]   pen

First practise the sound [ ı ].

Then open your mouth a little more.

[ e ] is a short sound.

Practice 1    Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

pin

bin

tin

pen

Ben

ten

pig

Bill

chicks

peg

bell

cheques

Test  Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:

1.  a) pin; b) pen

2.  a) pig; b) peg

3.  a) tins; b) tens

4.  a) sit; b) set

5.  a) Jinny; b) Jenny

6.  a) picked; b) pecked

Practice 2   Listen and repeat:

any

everybody

everything

Eddie

Ellen

spend

friend

left

shelf

ten pence

Jenny

jealous

America

expensive cigarettes

help yourself

Dialogue   An expensive holiday

Eddie:

Ben:

Eddie:

Ellen:

Jenny:

Ben:

Eddie:

Everybody:

Ellen:

Ben:

Eddie:

Jenny:

Eddie:

Hello, Ellen! Hello, Ben! Hello, Jenny!

Hello, Eddie. Have a cigarette.

Thanks, Ben.

Help yourself to whisky.

It’s on the shelf.

How did you spend your holiday, Eddie?

I went to America with a friend.

Well!

We’re all jealous.

Was it expensive?

Yes. Very. I’ve spent everything.

Haven’t you any money left?

Yes, Jenny! Ten pence!

Intonation

Statements usually have a falling tune at the end.

“Wh” questions (Who? What? Why? When? Where? How?) usually have a falling tune at the end.

Yes/No questions usually have a rising tune at the end.

Examples:

“Wh” question: how did you spend your \holiday?

Statement: I went to A\merica.

Yes/No question: Was it ex/pensive?

Statement: \Yes. \Very.

Conversation

Practise this dialogue.

Use the place names below.

Kent        Venice      Belgium       Denmark       Edinburgh

How did you spent your holiday?

I went to …

Was it expensive?

Yes. Very.

Unit 4    [ æ ]man

First practise the sound [ e ].

Then open your mouth a little more.

Practice 1    Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

x

pen

men

axe

pan

man

said

beg

bread

sad

bag

Brad

Test    Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:

1.  a) pen; b) pan

2.  a) men; b) man

3.  a) said; b) sad

4.  a) gem; b)jam

5.  a) pet; b) pat

6.  a) bed; b) bad

Practice 2     Listen and repeat:

apple

perhaps

passenger

hijacker

jacket

black slacks

Anne

Amsterdam

Alice

Miss Alien

camera

lavatory

travelling

handbag

left hand

Miss Bradley

Dialogue   A bad hijacker

HostessBradley:

Hostess Alien:

HostessBradley:

Hostess Alien: HostessBradley: Hostess Alien: HostessBradley:

Fat lady:

Handbag:

Alice! Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker!

Which passenger, Anne? That sad man with the camera? He's wearing black slacks and a jacket.

No. That fat lady with the big black handbag in her left hand.

Is she standing next to the lavatory?

Yes. She's travelling to Amsterdam.

You're mad, Anne, I don't understand.

You see, when she went into the lavatory she didn't have that handbag in her hand, and now she's...

(clapping her hands) EVERYBODY STAND! I'm a hijacker. And in this handbag I have a ...

BANG!

Stress    In English some words are stressed at the end: perhaps

below

about

Some words are stressed in the middle: beginning

conversation

But most words are stressed at the beginning:

camera

family

apple

jacket

handbag

sandwich

practise

passenger

pictures

waiting

airport

woman

cricketbat

aeroplane hijacker

Conversation    

Practise this conversation about the passengers using the words below. They are in the airport waiting to get on the aeroplane.

Example:

Student A:      Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker.

Student B:       Do you mean the man with the black slacks?

Student A:      No. The woman with the black handbag.

Black slacks, cat, red hat, cricket bat, black handbag, jacket, family, sandwich, apple, camera.

Unit 5   [ ^ ] cup

First practise the sound [ æ ]

Then put your tongue back a little.

[ ^ ] is a very short sound.

Practice 1    Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

cap

hat

sack

cup

hut

suck

ban

bag

hag

bun

bug

hug

Test    Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:

1.  a) cap; b) cup

2.  a) hat; b) hut

3.  a) bag; b) bug

4.  a) mad; b) mud

5.  a) hang; b) hung

6.  a) ran; b) run

Practice 2     Listen and repeat:

ugly

untrue

unhappy

understand

shut up

just once

must

much

lunch

Sunny

Cousin

Russ

love

lovely

honey

worry

company

wonderful

DialogueI love you

Russ:

Russ:

Janet:

Russ:

Janet:

Russ:

Janet:

Russ:

Janet:

Honey, why are you so sad?

(Janet says nothing)

Honey, why are you so unhappy? I don’t understand.

You don’t love me, Russ!

But, honey, I love you very much.

That’s untrue. You love my cousin, Sunny. You think she’s lovely and I’m ugly.

Janet, just once last month I took Sunny out for lunch. You mustn’t worry. I like your company much better that Sunny’s.

Oh, shut up, Russ.

But, honey, I think you’re wonderful. You mustn’t …

Oh, SHUT UP!

Intonation     Making a list

Listen and repeat:

He bought a /cup and some \nuts.

He bought a /cup, some /nuts and some \honey.

He bought a /cup, some /nuts, some /honey, and a \brush.

Unit 6          [ a:]   heart

Put your tongue down and back.

[ a: ] is a long sound.

Practice 1    Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

cap

hat

cat

carp

heart

cart

ban

match

clack

barn

march

clerk

Practice 2    Listen and repeat:

Sound 1

Sound 2

Sound 1

Sound 2

cup

hut

cut

carp

heart

cart

bun

much

cluck

barn

march

clerk

Test    Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:

1. a) hat; b) hut; c) heart

2. a) cat; b) cut; c) cart

3. a) cap; b) cup; c) carp

4. a) bun; b) barn

5. a) come; b) calm

6. a) Patty's; b) parties

Practice 3    Listen and repeat:

Ah!

Arnold

So they are!

can’t

garden

marvellous

bar

far

car

star

guitar

Barbara

Margaret

Charles

smart

Martin

Martha

dark

laugh

photograph

Dialogue   At a party

Margaret: Barbara: Martin:

Margaret: Barbara: Margaret: Martin: Barbara: Margaret: Barbara:

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