• Mapping of the companies (in the broad sense of the term since the companies produce varied goods and services)
central preoccupations of government and industry of every Nation. The United States is an obvious example , with the growing public debate about the apparently greater economic success of other trading Nations. But intense debate about competitiveness is also taking place today in such “success story” nations as Japan and South Korea.
19 The StratinC project, European Community (Intelligence and Innovative Cluster), for more information contact: http://www.competitivite.gouv.fr/spip.php?article25
Pierre Bourgogne - Conseil régional de Lorraine
Place Gabriel Hocquard, è- BP 81004
57036 Metz Cedex 1 - France
20 Workshop on Competitive intelligence and Regional Development. Depertemen Perindustrian, Puncak, March 5th to 9th, 2007. For more informationcontact srimanullang@hotmail.com
• A thorough analysis of this information to outline possible contours of the clusters potential. Here must be used the methods, tools and analyzes (SWOT) related to the Competitive Intelligence.
The cluster or pole of competitiveness policy has for goal the development of new relationships between Government (National or Regional), Education and Research Institutions (Public or Private) and Industry. This is through this new partnership that innovation will be developed and that wealth will be created. This concept is called the Triple Helix[14] by analogy with the ADN[15]. To understand why this model is important and why it impacts strongly the cluster development, we will refer to various reports and experiments made in the European Community[16]. Most of the time, the government finance research and education and the result is the creation of knowledge and competences. This is the first point. But, if it is the only step which is done, the global result will be very poor. It is necessary to develop a second step from which the above knowledge and competences will create “money”. This process will involve industry and the development of innovation which is the way to transform knowledge and competences to products and to new markets shares. This last step which is fundamental is done through a close partnership with industry. The figure 3 illustrates this point of view:
|
Research and Innovation Research: Money transformation to Knowledge & Competence Step 1 Innovation: Knowledge & Competence transformation to Money Step 2 To make the government R&D profitable it is necessary to transform the Knowledge and Competence created through research and education to Money. This process can only be done if new relationships between the Stakeholders of a cluster are developed. |
Figure 3 – The two fundamental steps which must be involved in cluster development
A good example of the triple helix and its effects is presented by Elias Zerhouni[17], Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the USA: “The success of American scientific research depends on the existing implicit partnership between academic research, the government and industry. The research institutions have the responsibility to develop the scientific capital. The Government finances the best teams by a transparent system of selection. Industry holds the critical role to develop robust products intended for the public. This strategy is the key of American competitiveness and must be maintained. ”
Уважаемый посетитель!
Чтобы распечатать файл, скачайте его (в формате Word).
Ссылка на скачивание - внизу страницы.