Особенности учебного процесса в разных странах, Академическая мобильность, страница 16

The arts

(humanities)

Subjects of study concerned with human culture, esp. literature, language, history and philosophy. Arts subjects place greater emphasis on imaginative and creative ability than on the technical and practical skills needed in science.

A Levels = Advanced Levels.

They are taken mostly by people around the age of eighteen who wish to go on to higher education.

Boarding schools

The pupils live in them. 

“Certificate”

A qualification obtained after secondary education.

City Technology Colleges (CTCs)

New super-schools for scientifically gifted children, future scientists and technological experts. These schools are partly funded by industry. Britain needs more scientists and technicians.

Curriculum

Course of study in a school, college, university, etc.

Degree

A qualification from a university. Students studying for the first degree (a BA or BS) are called undergraduates. When they have been awarded a degree, they are known as graduates.

“Diploma”:

A qualification obtained after secondary education.

Doctorate

The highest academic qualification. This usually carries the title PhD = Doctor of Philosophy. The time taken to complete a doctorate is generally expected to involve three years of more-or-less full-time study.

Don

A teacher at a university

Drop-out

A person who withdraws from a course of education

Fee

Charge or payment for professional advice or services; entrance money for an examination, library, etc.

Full-time education

Students must be present at the classes during the whole of the working day and week.

Further Education College

Here most of the courses are linked to some kind of practical vocational training, for example in engineering, typing, cooking or hairdressing.

GCSE = General Certificate of Secondary Education.

The exams taken by sixteen-year olds. Marks are given for each subject separately. There is a uniform system of marks, all being graded from A to G. Grades A, B, C are regarded as “good” grades”.

GNVQ = General National Vocational Qualification.

Courses and exams in job-related subjects. They are divided into five levels, the lowest level being equivalent to GCSE and the third level to A – levels. GNVQ courses are studied at Colleges of Further Education.

Grant

Money, given by an organization, eg the Local Education Authority. 

Half-day

A day of which half, usually the afternoon, is taken as a holiday.

Honours degrees

Most people get honours degrees, awarded in different classes. These are: Class I (known as “a first”), Class II, I (“a 2,1” or” an upper second”), Class II,II (“a 2,2” or “a lower second”), Class III (“a third”).

Local Education Authority (LEA)

The educational department of local government

Master’s Degree

The general name for a second (postgraduate) degree, an MA or MSc.

Part-time education

Students must be present at the classes for only a part of the working day or week.

A pass

A successful result in an examination.

Pass degree

A student who is below one of the honours degrees gets a pass degree. 

A period

A lesson in school.

Polytechnics

Are similar to universities, but the courses tend to be more practically-oriented.

A professor

A senior university academic, not an ordinary teacher.

Reader

A lecturer, usually ranking below a professor, but above an ordinary lecturer

Set (n)

A group of pupils who form a class in a particular subject

Syllabus

Outline or summary of a course of studies

Term

Schools usually divide their year into three “terms”, starting on the first Tuesday morning in September. (Autumn term – Christmas holiday about 2 weeks, Spring term – Easter holiday about 2 weeks, Summer term – in July schools break up for 8 weeks). In addition, all schools have a “half-term” holiday, lasting a few days in the middle of each term.

Truancy

The practice of staying away from school without permission.

Tutor

A teacher in a college or university who leads a discussion group, directs the studies of undergraduates at Oxford and Cambridge

Undergraduate

University student working for a bachelor’s degree

YOPS = The Young Opportunities Scheme

YOPS involves on-the-job training combined with part-time college courses. This scheme places young unemployed people with a business or an industry for six months so that they can get experience of work, and pays them a small wage. They generally have a better chance of getting a job afterwards and sometimes the company they are placed with offers them a permanent job.